Family planning refers to the conscious and responsible decision-making process by individuals or couples to determine whether, when, and how many children they want to have. It involves the use of various methods, services, and practices that help people control fertility, prevent unwanted pregnancies, promote maternal and child health, and ensure overall well-being. Family planning is not only about limiting births; it also includes spacing pregnancies, preparing physically and financially for children, and making informed choices about reproductive health. At its core, family planning empowers individuals—especially women—to take charge of their reproductive lives. Through information, counseling, and access to safe and effective contraceptives, people are able to avoid unplanned pregnancies, plan for healthier families, and reduce the risks associated with closely spaced or high-risk births. Common family planning methods include condoms, birth control pills, injections, implants, intrauterine devices (IUDs), fertility awareness-based methods, and permanent methods such as tubal ligation or vasectomy. These options allow people to choose what best suits their health, lifestyle, beliefs, and future goals. Family planning also contributes to improved public health. It reduces maternal deaths by preventing high-risk pregnancies and unsafe abortions. It promotes child health by ensuring that parents are physically, emotionally, and financially prepared before having another baby. When children are properly spaced, they receive better care, nutrition, and attention, which supports their growth and development. Beyond the health benefits, family planning has important social and economic advantages. It enables women to pursue education and careers, reduces poverty by helping families manage resources effectively, and supports national development by promoting a healthier and more productive population. It also encourages responsible parenthood, stronger family relationships, and a better quality of life. In summary, family planning is a vital reproductive health practice that enables individuals and couples to make informed choices about childbearing, improves health outcomes, promotes gender equality, and contributes to social and economic growth.